Increasing your rank is an ongoing process and requires a few important things... 1) Plenty of content focused on the keywords you want to target, 2) Meta tags to help describe your page and 3) Quality inbound links (links from other sites that are related to yours)
Meta tags don't necessarily improve your ranking much anymore but they are important because when your site does start ranking you want to entice people to click so you want to create descriptive, catchy tags.
As far as seeing where you rank there are several tools out there you can use. For example I just did a search for "search engine ranking report" and this link came up...
http://www.top25web.com/cgi-bin/report.cgi
Also some statistic packages can be helpful to see what keywords are people finding you for. Google Analytics is a popular tool. Sitemeter is another.